PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY (PDT)

What is photodynamic therapy?
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves applying a special photosensitizing agent to the skin, allowing this substance to be absorbed into the skin over a period of time, then activating this topical application by exposing the skin to a specific wavelength of light.

These treatments remove sun damaged pre-cancerous zones and spots called actinic keratoses. Sun damage, fine lines, and blotchy pigmentation have also been noted to respond to this treatment. Furthermore, there have been observations suggesting a reduction in pore size and oil glands, effectively treating stubborn acne vulgaris, and acne rosacea, and softening the appearance of some acne scars.

A minimum of three treatments approximately four weeks apart is the standard treatment protocol, ; however, the treatment schedule is tailored to each patient's needs. The exposure time to the sensitizing agent (incubation time) and to the activating light (exposure time) is customized for each patient.

Total treatment time is less than one hour, and no anesthetic is required.

What does a photodynamic therapy (PDT) treatment involve?
The first step of this simple two-step process involves gently applying a photosensitizing substance, called Levulan (5-aminolevulinic acid or ALA), to the skin. This clear, colourless liquid is then allowed to be absorbed into the skin for 30-60 minutes, following which time, it is washed off.

The second step involves exposing the skin for 10-20 minutes to a specific wavelength of light to "activate" the Levulan.

This procedure can be combined with photorejuvenation(link) and microdermabrasion(link) as required.

What can I expect after a photodynamic treatment?
Following PDT, the treated areas usually appear pink or red with some associated dry/exfoliating skin for two to seven days. It is important to minimize sun exposure and wear sunblock and moisturizer during this phase. Furthermore, make-up may be applied, if required. Skin response will vary with treatment parameters and each individual's skin situation. Darker pigmented patches may become temporarily darker and then peel off, leaving normal skin. This usually occurs over seven to 10 days. Repeat treatments may be necessary.

Patients with acne often notice a slight flare-up of their acne symptoms after a photodynamic therapy treatment, but this will resolve. Photodynamic therapy has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of acne vulgaris.

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